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Transfer of Energy
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Instructions: Click on the molecules for grade-by-grade information.
K-4 Heat consists of random motion and the vibration of atoms, molecules, and ions. The higher the temperature, the greater the atomic or molecular motion.   


K-4 All energy can be considered to be either kinetic energy, which is energy of motion; potential energy, which depends on relative position; or energy contained by a field, such as electromagnetic waves.   

K-4 Energy is a property of many substances and is associated with heat, light, electrical mechanisms, motion and sound. Energy is transferred in many ways.   

K-4 The sun is a major source of energy for changes on the earth’s surface. The sun loses energy by emitting light. A tiny fraction of that light reaches the earth, transferring energy from the sun to the earth. The sun’s energy arrives as light with a range of wavelengths, consisting of visible light, infrared and ultraviolet light.   

K-4 Light interacts with matter by transmission (including reflection), absorption or scattering (including reflection.) To see an object, light from that object - emitted by or scattered from it - must enter the eye.   

K-4 Light travels in a straight line until it strikes an object. Light can be reflected by a mirror, refracted by a lens, or absorbed by an object.   
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